Figure 18.2 Types of mass movement (from The Changing Earth - Introduction to Geology (2nd ed.), by Mears, Jr., D. Van Nostrand Co., 1977).

• slippage ==> slumps, slides, falls

  
  
  Figure 18.3 Slump occurs when material slips downslope en masse along a curved surface of rupture (from The Earth - An Introduction to Physical Geology (2nd ed.), by Tarbuck & Lutgens, Merrill Publishing Co., 1984).
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.4 Terracettes, or "cattle walks," common on many steep hillsides (from The Changing Earth - Introduction to Geology (2nd ed.), by Mears, Jr., D. Van Nostrand Co., 1977).
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.5 Slope along "Galloping Highway" along Narrows thrust fault (Narrows, WV).
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.6 Slumpage of red clays along highway 45 near Houghton, MI.
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.7 Tension slump fractures along highway 45 near Houghton, MI.
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.8 Road cracks from cave-in of highway I-75 near top of Pine Mountain south of Jellico, TN.
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.9 Disruption of highway I-75 by earthflow near top of Pine Mountain south of Jellico, TN.
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.10 Rock slide on road near Straight Creek Tunnel of Loveland Pass (Dillon, CO).
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.11 Cubic jointing of gently dipping Baraboo quartzite overlain by flat-lying upper Cambrian sandstone (La Rue Quarry, Baraboo, WI).
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.12 Frost wedging. As water freezes it expands, exerting a force great enough to break rock (from The Earth - An Introduction to Physical Geology (2nd ed.), by Tarbuck & Lutgens, Merrill Publishing Co., 1984).
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.13 Jointed gneiss/schist of Stone Mountain Overlook (Blue Ridge Parkway, NC).
  
  
  

• flowage ===> mudflows, soil/rock creep

  
  
  Figure 18.14 Mudflow emerging from canyon mouth onto a valley flat (from The Changing Earth - Introduction to Geology (2nd ed.), by Mears, Jr., D. Van Nostrand Co., 1977).
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.15 Path of a particle during creep. Movement results from the repeated expansion and contraction of material on the slope (from The Earth - An Introduction to Physical Geology (2nd ed.), by Tarbuck & Lutgens, Merrill Publishing Co., 1984).
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.16 Soil creep (from The Changing Earth - Introduction to Geology (2nd ed.), by Mears, Jr., D. Van Nostrand Co., 1977).
  
  
  

• subsidence

  
  
  Figure 18.17 Subsidence resulting from collapse in a mine (from The Changing Earth - Introduction to Geology (2nd ed.), by Mears, Jr., D. Van Nostrand Co., 1977).
  
  
  
  
  Figure 18.18 Giant Alabama collapse sink hole that formed when the roof of a large underground opening collapsed suddenly. It is about 130 meters (425 feet) long, 106 meters (350 feet) wide, and 46 meters (150 feet) deep (from The Changing Earth - Introduction to Geology (2nd ed.), by Mears, Jr., D. Van Nostrand Co., 1977).
  
  
  

Figure 18.19 Baldwin Hills (CA) dam and reservior failure (1420 hrs of 14 Dec. 63).




Figure 18.20 Baldwin Hills (CA) dam and reservior failure (1530 hrs of 14 Dec. 63).




Figure 18.21 Strike slip rupture of clay lined earthen dam led to failure of the Baldwin Hills (CA) dam and reservior.




Figure 18.22 The clay lined earthen dam is the most common type of dam in Ohio and the midwest.




Figure 18.23 Sheep Mountain was eroded on its southern flank by the Gros Ventre River that produced a massive landslide in 1925.




Figure 18.24 Diagrams to show the nature of the Gros Ventre slide. A) shows the conditions existing before the slide took place. B) represents the area of the slide and the location of the debris in the valley bottom. Note that the sedimentary beds dip into the valley from the south. The large section of sandstone slid downward along the clay bed (from Physical Geology (3rd ed.), by Leet & Judson, Prentice-Hall Inc., 1965).

Figure 18.25 "Perched" home in the Santa Monica Hills area (CA).




Figure 18.26 Loose, deformed, shattered foundation material of the Santa Monica Hills area (CA).




Figure 18.27 Estate endangered from erosion along Pacific Highway in the Santa Monica Hills area (CA).




Figure 18.28 Home endangered from erosion along Pacific Highway in the Santa Monica Hills area (CA).

Figure 18.29 Lake Erie shoreline erosion near Painesville, OH.




Figure 18.30 Thrust fault along the Ohio bank of Lake Erie.




Figure 18.31 Jetties constructed to trap sand along parts of Lake Erie shore line leave other parts of the shore line starved for sand and beaches. Jetties such as these facilitate the erosion of the sand starved shorelines such as found along Painesville Township, OH.




Figure 18.32 Painesville Township (OH) shore line lost to erosion since 1878.




Figure 18.33 Bluff collapse on 4 May 94 in Painesville Township, Lake Co., OH.




Figure 18.34 Bluff collapse on 4 May 94 in Painesville Township, Lake Co., OH.




Figure 18.35 Another home in Painesville Township (OH) threatened by Lake Erie shoreline erosion.